It found that 52% of the responses contained inaccuracies and 77% were verbose. One study analyzed ChatGPT's responses to 517 questions about software engineering or computer programming posed on Stack Overflow for correctness, consistency, comprehensiveness, and concision. ChatGPT has been used to generate introductory sections and abstracts for scientific articles.

GPT-4

In the 2020s, the rapid advancement of deep learning-based generative artificial intelligence models raised questions about the copyright status of AI-generated works, and about whether copyright infringement occurs when such are trained or used. Over many iterations of ChatGPT, plus users maintained more access to better models than the free tier provided, and access to additional features like voice mode. In the reinforcement learning stage, human trainers first ranked responses generated by the model in previous conversations. Despite decades of using AI, Wall Street professionals report that consistently beating the market with AI, including recent large language models, is challenging due to limited and noisy financial data. In August 2024, the FTC voted unanimously to ban marketers from using fake user reviews created by generative AI chatbots (including ChatGPT) and influencers paying for bots to increase follower counts.

Contents

The FTC asked OpenAI for comprehensive information about its technology and privacy safeguards, as well as any steps taken to prevent the recurrence of situations in which its chatbot generated false and derogatory content about people. ChatGPT has never been publicly available in China because OpenAI prevented Chinese users from accessing their site. Kevin Roose of The New York Times called it "the best artificial intelligence chatbot ever released to the general public". In September 2025, following the suicide of a 16-year-old, OpenAI said it planned to add restrictions for users under 18, including the blocking of graphic sexual content and the prevention of flirtatious talk.

GPT-4.5

Some, including Nature and JAMA Network, "require that authors disclose the use of text-generating tools and ban listing a large language model (LLM) such as ChatGPT as a co-author". This includes text-to-image models such as Stable Diffusion and large language models such as ChatGPT. Geoffrey Hinton, one of the "fathers of AI", voiced concerns that future AI systems may surpass human intelligence.
ChatGPT's training data includes software manual pages, information about internet phenomena such as bulletin board systems, multiple programming languages, and the text of Wikipedia. Users can upvote or downvote responses they receive from ChatGPT and fill in a text field with additional feedback. The laborers were exposed to toxic and traumatic content; one worker described the assignment as "torture".
In July 2024, the American Bar Association (ABA) issued its first formal ethics opinion on attorneys using generative AI. On November 29, Rosário revealed that the bill had been entirely written by ChatGPT, and that he had presented it to the rest of the council without making any changes or disclosing the chatbot's involvement. In Mata v. Avianca, Inc., a personal injury lawsuit filed in May 2023, the plaintiff's attorneys used ChatGPT to generate a legal motion.

• In the case of supervised learning, the trainers acted as both the user and the AI assistant.
• It allows ChatGPT to search the web in an attempt to make more accurate and up-to-date responses.
• A study presented example attacks on ChatGPT, including jailbreaks and reverse psychology.
• GPT-4o („o“ for „omni“) is a multilingual, multimodal generative pre-trained transformer developed by OpenAI and released in May 2024.
• According to the company, the paid version of the website was still experimental, but provided access during peak periods, no downtime, priority access to new features, and faster response speeds.

GPT Store

Their leaders emphasized their earlier caution regarding public deployment was due to the trust the public places in Google Search. Kelsey Piper of Vox wrote that "ChatGPT is the general public's first hands-on introduction to how powerful modern AI has gotten" and that ChatGPT is "smart enough to be useful despite its flaws". As before, OpenAI has not disclosed technical details such as the exact number of parameters or the composition of its training dataset.

Computer security

Despite this, users may "jailbreak" ChatGPT with prompt engineering techniques to bypass these restrictions. … It's also a way to understand the "hallucinations", or nonsensical answers to factual questions, to which large language models such as ChatGPT are all too prone. In one instance, ChatGPT generated a rap in which women and scientists of color were asserted to be inferior to white male scientists. The reward model of ChatGPT, designed around human oversight, can be over-optimized and thus hinder performance, in an example of an optimization pathology known as Goodhart's law.
ChatGPT can find more up-to-date information by searching the web, but this doesn't ensure that responses are accurate, as it may access unreliable or misleading websites. At launch, the feature was limited to purchases on Etsy from US users with a payment method linked to their OpenAI account. It was capable of autonomously performing tasks through web browser interactions, including filling forms, placing online orders, scheduling appointments, and other browser-based tasks.
The attorneys were sanctioned for filing the motion and presenting the fictitious legal decisions ChatGPT generated as authentic. ChatGPT shows inconsistent responses, lack of specificity, lack of control over patient data, and a limited ability to take additional context (such as regional variations) into consideration. This has led to concern over the rise of what has come to be called "synthetic media" and "AI slop" which are generated by AI and rapidly spread over social media and the internet. Between March and April 2023, Il Foglio published one ChatGPT-generated article a day on its website, hosting a special contest for its readers in the process. The chatbot technology can improve security by cyber defense automation, threat intelligence, attack identification, and reporting. In July 2024, Futurism reported that GPT-4o in ChatGPT would sometimes link "scam news sites that deluge the user with fake software updates and virus warnings"; these pop-ups can be used to coerce users into downloading malware or potentially unwanted programs.

• In January 2023, Science „completely banned“ LLM-generated text in all its journals; however, this policy was just to give the community time to decide what acceptable use looks like.
• These include, among many others, writing and debugging computer programs, composing music, scripts, fairy tales, and essays, answering questions (sometimes at a level exceeding that of an average human test-taker), and generating business concepts.
• To prevent offensive outputs from being presented to and produced by ChatGPT, queries are filtered through the OpenAI „Moderation endpoint“ API (a separate GPT-based AI).
• ChatGPT has never been publicly available in China because OpenAI prevented Chinese users from accessing their site.
• In September 2024, OpenAI introduced o1-preview and a faster, cheaper model named o1-mini.
• This tool allows a user to customize ChatGPT’s behavior for a specific use case.

da Google

To build a safety system against harmful content (e.g., sexual abuse, violence, racism, sexism), OpenAI used outsourced Kenyan workers earning around $1.32 to $2 per hour to label such content. In the case of supervised learning, the trainers acted as both the user and the AI assistant. The fine-tuning process involved supervised learning and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF).
As of July 2025, Science expects authors to release in full how AI-generated content is used and made in their work. As of 2023, there were several pending U.S. lawsuits challenging the use of copyrighted data to train AI models, with defendants arguing that this falls under fair use. In July 2023, the FTC launched an investigation into OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT, over allegations that the company scraped public data and published false and defamatory information. A shadow market has emerged for chinese users to get access to foreign software tools.
It can generate plausible-sounding but incorrect or nonsensical answers known as hallucinations. The chatbot has also been criticized for its limitations and potential for unethical use. ChatGPT's website is among the top 5 most-visited websites globally, It has been lauded for its potential to transform numerous professional fields, and instigated public debate about the nature of creativity and the future of knowledge work.
At launch, OpenAI included more than 3 million GPTs created by GPT Builder users in the GPT Store. The integration used ChatGPT to write prompts for DALL-E guided by conversations with users. The Pro launch coincided with the release of the o1 model, providing unlimited access to o1 and advanced voice mode. In September 2025, OpenAI added a feature called Pulse, which generates a daily analysis of a user's chats and connected apps such as Gmail and Google Calendar. ChatGPT is frequently used for translation and summarization tasks, and can simulate interactive environments such as a Linux terminal, a multi-user chat room, or simple text-based games such as tic-tac-toe. It is designed to generate human-like text and can carry out a wide variety of tasks.
The ethics of its development, particularly the use of copyrighted content as training data, have also drawn controversy. The chatbot can facilitate academic dishonesty, generate misinformation, and create malicious code. The service gained 100 million users in glitzbets casino login two months making it the fastest-growing consumer software application in history. It is credited with accelerating the AI boom, an ongoing period marked by rapid investment and public attention toward the field of artificial intelligence (AI).
ChatGPT also provided an outline of how human reviewers are trained to reduce inappropriate content and to attempt to provide political information without affiliating with any political position. ChatGPT gained one million users in five days and 100 million in two months, becoming the fastest-growing internet application in history. In The Atlantic magazine's "Breakthroughs of the Year" for 2022, Derek Thompson included ChatGPT as part of "the generative-AI eruption" that "may change our mind about how we work, how we think, and what human creativity is". Samantha Lock of The Guardian noted that it was able to generate "impressively detailed" and "human-like" text. GPT-4o ("o" for "omni") is a multilingual, multimodal generative pre-trained transformer developed by OpenAI and released in May 2024.